Visual Kei A New Subculture - 1691 Words

Visual Kei is one of the longest lasting subcultures within Tokyo, however, a new subculture trend is visually striking in a far opposite way. It s called Yamanba and it has people at a loss for words. Most are conflicted as to whether this subculture is attractive or a joke. Yamanba dress features vibrantly colored ultra feminine clothing, long teased colored hair with extensions, and bizarre face makeup that will make anyone take a second look. Yamanba is virtually a female only subculture that emerged from the ashes of the ganguro subculture of the mid to late 1990’s. It is a subculture that, similar to its predecessor, has set out to challenge the societal norms of Japanese beauty standards: pale skin, neutral makeup, dark hair. Yamanba females darken their faces to a shade of dark orange and borderline black pigment. Then, they contour it with bright white and shades of pink without the use of evening and blending the skin tone. The dress of Yamanba communicates anarchy a nd protest to the patriarchal society and repressing standard of beauty for women; and to those who wear the Yamanba dress, it communicates freedom of expression and freedom from society s robotic standards of beauty. Yamanba hair is genuinely similar to the American scene style hair. Teased high for volume and complemented with flat ironed straight hair extensions. Yamanba hair is oftentimes curled, often in excess. Even curled, their hair is still excessively long and extremelyShow MoreRelatedThe Real Harajuku1943 Words   |  8 Pagesera], kawaii [cute], punk, ganguro [symbolizes a California girl with bleached hair, dark skin, fake eyelashes, and nails], cosplay [most common name for â€Å"costume players† or those who dress up like Japanes animated characters], hiphop, skater and visual-kei [style of bands]† (Rockers). Their clothing can vary from shades of black to shades of bright colors and from plain fabrics to all kinds of different prints. They also change t heir hairstyles and hair color and they also put on makeup. They trulyRead MoreHeavy Metal Music7270 Words   |  30 Pagesstatus common throughout the history of the genre. In the mid-1970s  Judas Priest  helped spur the genres evolution by discarding much of its  blues  influence;  Motà ¶rhead  introduced a  punk rock  sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed. Bands in the  New Wave of British Heavy Metal  such as  Iron Maiden  followed in a similar vein. Before the end of the decade, heavy metal had attracted a worldwide following of fans known as metalheads or headbangers. In the 1980s,  glam metal  became a major commercialRead MoreJapanese Street Fashion2780 Words   |  12 Pageswear like kimonos, is their way of making statements about their cultural influences and way of life. Lolita, Kogal, Cosplay, Ganguro are some of the most sought after styles that Japanese youth display on the streets. Lolita is a style with many subcultures, such as Punk Lolita, where chains, beads, lace and wristbands are popular accessories along with pink and peach colors prints. Gothic Lolita focuses on styles emerging from the Victorian age such as dark colors, black make-up, heavy brooches, andRead MoreCaso 07 Hatsune Miku Japanese Virtual Idol Ignites Global Value Co creation8417 Words   |  34 Pagesranked first, ahead of Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber.5 Miku herself, in her live-performance hologram form, was slated to be the opening act for a month of shows in Lady Gaga’s Artpop tour starting in May 2014.6 Miku’s exploding popularity brought with it new business opportunities for the company that created her. As of January 2014, 100,000 copies of the Hatsune Miku software had been sold.7 In addition, Crypton licensed the rights to use Miku’s name and image to publishers, game makers, character goods

The Personal Argument Essay Topics Stories

The Personal Argument Essay Topics Stories Key Pieces of Personal Argument Essay Topics The argumentative essay has a particular format that should be followed to blow the mind of the reader, and it's especially helpful for students along with the corporate when making strategic proposals. In any case, direct and indirect quotes are required to support your understanding of academic writing style. The past couple of sentences ought to be extremely clear and have a long-lasting image on your audience. Essentially anything that must be understood before reading the remainder of the essay is background info, and ought to be included in the introduction. Whatever They Told You About Personal Argument Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why The crucial distinction is that you're permitted to have an opinion on the topic but it's still true that you need facts. You want to realize that different folks have various points of view regarding the very same topic, so be patient. If you've got more information to share, you can include as many as five body paragraphs. Look through the list of topics cautiously and get started making a mental collection of the evidence you may use on topics you want. Details of Personal Argument Essay Topics Explain to your audience your selection of the subject, why it's vital, and the way you talking about it can really make a difference. You might also want to incorporate a brief discussion of more research that ought to be completed in light of your work. Various men and women need different approaches. Choose from popular topics that they are passionate about. The Characteristics of Personal Argument Essay Topics It's unethical to exclude evidence which may not support the thesis. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain low-cost essay rather than writing it themselves. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. Besides, keep in mind that the secret to a thriving argumentative essay is in finding appropriate evidence to back up your opinion. Lies You've Been Told About Personal Argument Essay Topics Before concluding the essay, it is critical to summarise with a strong emphasis on the subject. You're going to need to select a topic first, but your topic needs to be something that has two conflicting points or distinct conclusions. Researching the topic will enable you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you really like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's vital to at all times be critically contemplating the world around us. Odds are, all you have to do is relax and locate a topic you're passionate about and, obviously, one that's debatable. Picking an emotional topic is also an excellent idea. The Importance of Personal Argument Essay Topics There are a few specific elements which are needed in an argumentative essay. To compose a strong argumentative essay, students should start by familiarizing themselves with a number of the common, and frequently conflicting, positions on the research topic so they can write an educated paper. To write a superb argumentative essay, there are four leading sections of the essay you're likely to have to know about. If you're new to writing argumentative essays, there are a number of key factors which you can learn that could help you compose a far better argumentative essay. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. An argumentative essay is among the public varieties of essays that you're able to be requested to compose every once in a little while. Writing an argumentative essay can at times be confusing since you don't necessarily understand how to compose a convincing argument. Writing a persuasive, argumentative essay can be challenging, and at times it can find a little confusing. Personal Argument Essay Topics Explained Therefore, the response is adequately developed and satisfactorily organized to demonstrate the way the argument is dependent on questionable assumptions. Arguments always occur in a particular context. Finding the most suitable arguments will allow you to prove your point and win. So, it's better to allow it to be outstanding and nothing short of perfect so the audience agrees with you in the very long run. While arguing with numerous opinions, you've lost the focus. When you're picking your topic, remember that it's much simpler to write about something which you presently have interest ineven in case you don't know a good deal about it. A superb instance of lucky people is reality stars and difficult work is founders of businesses, like Microsoft and Apple. Life After Personal Argument Essay Topics Most conclusions are just a paragraph in length as the conclusion is predicted to be an overview of the whole essay. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics since you need opposing points you could counter to your own points. The upcoming few paragraphs will compose most of your essay. Your introductory paragraph needs to be clear and concise just enjoy the example. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper will help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. Bear in mind an argumentative essay is based more on facts rathe r than emotion. Euthanasia remains a debatable subject due to the varied views which may be valid to a specific point.

Determination of Production Cost

Question: Explain Determination of Production Cost. Answer: Determination of Production Cost The production cost is the expenses incurred by the business while manufacturing a product or producing a service. The cost of production includes Material Costs, Labor Costs, Factory costs etc (Horngren). Here in the given case study to determine the production costs certain assumptions are made because the information provided lacks completeness. Assumptions The Assumptions that are made for the case study is given below: The material costs of a Duplo block is $2000.00 but it is given that for each subsequent increase in quantity cost will decrease by $25.00. So there are 10 possible material costs depending upon the quantity purchased. It is assumed that for each unit of ichibutsu it will require one labor. It is assumed that for producing one unit one oven is required so the equipment costs per unit is $4000.00. Factory overhead costs are the indirect costs incurred by the business (Marshall). Factory overhead costs depend on the table rented and each table costs $10000.00. It is assumed that each unit of ichibutsu will require one table. The total production cost per unit is calculated on 10 possibilities depending on the number of units material purchased. As the minimum batch of production is of 6 units, so at least 6 units of material will be purchased at a time. It is clear from the statement that as unit of material purchased increases, the cost per unit of material is decreased so all other costs remaining the same. Cost of production decreases with increase in number of material purchased. Determination of Work in Progress and Finished Goods The Work in Progress means the total amount of material and labor used for unfinished product in process (DRURY). The Finished goods may be defined as the goods that are completely manufactured and are ready for sale (Hilton). In the case study details regarding WIP and FG are not provided so it is necessary to make some logical assumptions. For the purpose of this study it is assumed that at all times company will maintain double the quantity purchased in FG so that sales are not affected. The WIP is always maintained at quantity purchased but it cannot be less than 6. This assumption is important for determining holding costs. Revenue Revenue is the amount of money that the company can earn by selling its products or services (Kaplan). In the given case company can earn revenue of $6000.00 per unit by selling product on time and in case of delay it can earn revenue of $4500.00 per unit. It is assumed that always enough Finished Goods will be maintained so that sales can be made on time. Therefore sale price will be $6000.00. Statement showing Calculation Statement showing calculation of profit per unit Units Purchased 6 7 8 9 10 WIP Unit 6 7 8 9 10 FG unit 12 14 16 18 20 Material Costs $1,875.00 $1,850.00 $1,825.00 $1,800.00 $1,775.00 Labor Costs $1,250.00 $1,250.00 $1,250.00 $1,250.00 $1,250.00 Equipment Costs $666.67 $571.43 $500.00 $444.44 $400.00 Factory Overhead $1,666.67 $1,428.57 $1,250.00 $1,111.11 $1,000.00 Total Production Cost $5,458.33 $5,100.00 $4,825.00 $4,605.56 $4,425.00 Holding Costs 432.00 622.08 895.80 1539.95 2517.52 Total Costs $5,890.33 $5,722.08 $5,720.80 $6,145.50 $6,942.52 Profit/Loss $109.67 $277.92 $279.20 -$145.50 -$942.52 Revenue $6,000.00 $6,000.00 $6,000.00 $6,000.00 $6,000.00 The profit is the reward for undertaking risk (Guenther). The profit earned is calculated by adding all costs then deducting it from revenue. Conclusion On analyzing the above statement it can be concluded that profit is maximum of $279.20 per unit when 8 units are purchased and produced. Therefore it is advised that eight units should be purchased. Recommendations The cost system of the company shows that material and labor forms the major part of costs. In material a discount of $25.00 is provided for increase in each successive unit. It is recommended that quantum of discount should also increase with increase in purchase of each successive units. Then the company will be able to enjoy more discounts thus increasing profits. The labor costs are a huge component of costs and measures should be undertaken to reduce the same. The Holding costs of inventory are the variable component of costs it increases with increase in inventory. Therefore to control this costs it is important to develop a plan for inventory management. References DRURY, COLIN M.Management and cost accounting. Springer, 2013. Guenther, Edeltraud, et al. "Material Flow Cost Accountinglooking back and ahead."Journal of Cleaner Production108 (2015): 1249-1254. Hilton, Ronald W.Managerial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991. Horngren, Charles T.Cost accounting: A managerial emphasis, 13/e. Pearson Education India, 2009. Kaplan, Robert S., and Anthony A. Atkinson.Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning, 2015. Marshall, David H., Wayne W. McManus, and Daniel F. Viele.Accounting. McGraw-Hill Irwin,, 2011.

The Growing Us Economy Essays - Unemployment, Petroleum Politics

The Growing Us Economy The economy has performed exceptionally well for the past several years, combining rapid growth and very low unemployment with declining inflation. Not only has the expansion achieved record length, but it has done so with far stronger growth than expected, stated Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan in his remarks to the National Community Reinvestment Coalition annual conference in Washington (Business Week, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Economic Outlook, March 6,2000). Figures show that since 1996, the growth of GDP has averaged more than 4 percent, compared with an average of about 3 percent since 1973. Because of those four years of rapid growth, the unemployment rate has fallen to 4.1 percent, its lowest level since January 1970. Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation, excluding food and energy prices, had been vacillating at about 3 percent per year earlier in the decade but was roughly 2 percent over the past year (Bank of America, Economic in Brief, November 1, 1999). Much of the auspicious recent economic developments can be attributed to a surge in productivity growth. Alan Greenspan noted in his statement that output per hour in the non-financial corporate sector had increased since 1995 at nearly double the average pace of the preceding 25 years (First Union, Monthly Economic Outlook, March 7, 2000). This rapid productivity growth allowed the economy to grow at a faster pace without raising the rate of inflation. However, the growth of consumer demand is exceeding the increase of productivityboosting employment, tightening labor markets, and raising concerns that recent growth rates may not be sustainable without sparking a rise in inflation. After spending the past several years extolling the virtues of improved productivity in allowing higher growth with less inflation, the Federal Reserve Chairman, seemed to turn the tables in his Humphrey Hawkins testimony, stating that the spurt in productivity has produced expectation of higher profit growth, which, in turn, have resulted in higher equity valuations. That surge in equity prices is seen as the primary driver of the wealth effect, which he believes has created an imbalance between demand and supply, raising inflation pressures (Business Week, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Economic Outlook, March 6,2000). Speculations of this occurrence may over the long term indicate that the higher the trend growth of productivity, the lower the inflation ratedue to the restraint of labor costs. However, in the short-run, if productivity growth jumps rather quickly to a higher level, its impact on demand would outrun the existing supply of recourses to meet that demand. Since supply can not be increased quickly enough, Alan Greenspan believes demand growth must be brought back into line with supply growth. The concept to achieve a balance, he believes, is higher interest rates. High interest rates have, in fact, reduced home sales, but the overall economy has not cooled enough to reduce inflationary fears. The Fed is still concerned that strong consumer spending will lead to inflation. Right now, much of the strong demand is being satisfied by imports and expanded U.S. production from increased employment (Bank of America, Economic Research, Economic in Brief, November 1, 1999). Nevertheless, the Fed is worried that there may be limits to employment growth or foreign willingness to hold U.S. dollars earned exporting to the United States. Fed policymakers would be much more comfortable if the demand for goods would slow, thereby reducing the risk of the economy overheating or the dollar falling. Recent increases in the price of oil have reached their highest level since the Gulf War, and further increases could hurt U.S. economic growth. With the recent Attacks on America on September 11, OPEC's decision to cut production last March has lead to rising inflation. Considering the most recent leap in oil prices, inflation reports in the near future could be strong, pushing the twelve-month CPI rate up to 3 percent or more (Business Week, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Economic Outlook, March 6,2000). The question of whether to maintain the status quo or increase production remains in the hands of OPEC members. At present, Saudi Arabia and Iran appear to favor increasing production, but some other constituents want to extend the production cuts. Oil prices have risen to more than $34 per barrel and growing concerns that a

History Extended Essay Sample

History Extended Essay SampleOne of the requirements for an essay, no matter what subject, is a topic that takes up a lot of time and room. It can be anything from someone's career to their personal history. The first thing that students must do when writing their History Extended Essay sample is to look at the number of pages that the subject will have on its end. Each essay is different and should reflect this fact.For an essay that is longer than five hundred words, then you should have three extra pages at the end of the essay. If it is longer than five hundred and thirty-two words, then you should have four extra pages at the end. When it comes to the extra page that the essay will take up, the number will vary based on what the topic is.For an essay that is focused on personal experience, a student should take advantage of this space to use some personal anecdotes that are related in the essay. For instance, a history professor could look at an old photo album that contains his or her old high school classmates and find interesting stories that relate to the person in the photo.Other essays may be written on personal experiences that are very different from a student's life as a whole. An example of this would be a student who was recently divorced and looking to write about it.As long as the essay is well written and it includes well thought out points, then the student will have success with their essay. This should go without saying, but as a student it is your responsibility to ensure that your essay will reflect you as an individual. Having a strong opinion or a viewpoint that you do not always agree with should never be brought to the surface.The History Extended Essay sample should contain lots of links back to the original source material that the student used in the research phase of the essay. Some of these sources may even be resources that you have included in your syllabus. It should be noted that you cannot simply include all of these source s in the essay, as it would be too much of a distraction to your main point and that would make the essay even more of a slog than it already is.Students also need to remember that the essay is not meant to replace the original text. Students should use a handout at the start of the essay to outline the points they want to make in the essay. This will ensure that the students will have something to read on the first and second day of class and help them prepare for the assignment at hand.The final paragraph should include the last three conclusions. Having a good outline for the essay is a key to keeping your students engaged and coming back for more throughout the semester.

The 7 Deadly Sins and 7 Cardinal Virtues Essay Example

The 7 Deadly Sins and 7 Cardinal Virtues Essay Example The 7 Deadly Sins and 7 Cardinal Virtues Paper The 7 Deadly Sins and 7 Cardinal Virtues Paper Essay Topic: Divine Comedy Paradiso Inferno The Aeneid Overview The Seven Deadly Sins, also known as the Capital Vices or Cardinal Sins, are a classification of vices that were originally used in early Christian teachings to educate and instruct followers concerning (immoral) fallen mans tendency to sin. The Roman Catholic Church divided sin into two principal categories: venial, which are relatively minor, and could be forgiven through any sacrament of the Church, and the more severe capital or mortal sins, which, when committed, destroyed the life of grace, and created the threat of eternal damnation unless either absolved through the sacrament of confession, or otherwise forgiven through perfect contrition on the part of the penitent. Beginning in the early 14th century, the popularity of the Seven deadly sins as a theme among European artists of the time eventually helped to ingrain them in many areas of Christian culture and Christian consciousness in general throughout the world. One means of such ingraining was the creation of the mnemonic SALIGIA based on the first letters in Latin of the seven deadly sins: superbia, avaritia, luxuria, invidia, gula, ira, acedia. Listed in the same order used by both Pope Gregory the Great in the 6th Century AD, and later by Dante Alighieri in his epic poem The Divine Comedy, the Seven deadly sins are as follows: (7) Luxuria(extravagance, later lust); (6) Gula(gluttony); (5) Avaritia(greed); (4) Acedia(sloth); (3) Ira(wrath); (2) Invidia(envy); and (1) Superbia(pride). Each of The Seven Deadly Sins has an opposite among the corresponding Seven holy virtues (sometimes also referred to as the Contrary Virtues). The identification and definition of the Seven deadly sins over their history has been a fluid process and the idea of what each of the seven actually encompass has evolved over time. This process has been aided by the fact that they are not referred to in either a cohesive or codified manner in the Bible itself, and as a result other literary and ecclesiastical works referring to the Seven deadly sins were instead consulted as sources from which definitions might be drawn. Part II of Dantes Divine Comedy, Purgatorio, has almost certainly been the best known source since the Renaissance, though many later interpretations and versions, especially those of the more conservative and Pentecostal Protestant denominations, have instead tended to portray the consequence for those guilty of committing one or more of these sins as being eternal torment in Hell, rather than possible purification through penance in Purgatory. The Sins == Lust (Latin: luxuria) Synonyms: Lust (fornication, perversion) Lust is usually thought of as involving obsessive or excessive thoughts or desires of a sexual nature. Unfulfilled lusts sometimes lead to sexual or sociological compulsions and/or transgressions including (but obviously not limited to) sexual addiction, adultery, bestiality, and rape. Dantes criterion was excessive love of others, which therefore rendered love and devotion to God as secondary. However, lust and love are two different things; while a genuine, selfless love can represent the highest degree of development and feeling of community with others in a human relationship, Lust can be described as the excessive desire for sexual release. The other person can be therefore seen as a means to an end for the fulfillment of the subjects desires, and becomes thus objectified in the process. In Purgatorio, the penitent walks within flames to purge himself of lustful/sexual thoughts. ==; Gluttony (Latin: gula) Synonyms: Gluttony (waste, overindulgence) Modern views identify Gluttony with an overindulgence of food and drink, though in the past any form of thoughtless excess could fall within the definition of this sin. Marked by unreasonable or unnecessary excess of consumption, Gluttony could also include certain forms of destructive behavior, especially for sport, or for its own sake. Substance abuse or binge drinking can be seen as examples of gluttony therefore. The penitents in the Purgatorio were forced to stand between two trees, unable to reach or eat the fruit hanging from either, and were thus described as having a starved appearance. Greed (Latin: avaritia) Synonyms: Greed (treachery, covetousness) Greed is, like Lust and Gluttony, a sin of excess. However, Greed (as seen by the Church) applied to the acquisition of wealth in particular. Thomas Aquinas wrote that Greed was a sin against God, just as all mortal sins, in as much as man condemns things eternal for the sake of temporal things. In Dantes Purgatory, the penitents were bound and laid face down on the ground for having concentrated too much on earthly thoughts. Avarice is more of a blanket term that can describe many other examples of sinful behavior. These include disloyalty, deliberate betrayal, or treason, especially for personal gain, for example through bribery. Scavenging and hoarding of materials or objects, theft and robbery, especially by means of violence, trickery, or manipulation of authority are all actions that may be inspired by greed. Such misdeeds can include Simony, where one profits from soliciting goods within the actual confines of a church. == Sloth (Latin: acedia) Synonyms: Sloth (laziness, sadness, apathy) More than other sins, the definition of Sloth has changed considerably since its original inclusion among The Seven Deadly Sins. It had been in the early years of Christianity characterized by what modern writers would now describe as apathy, depression, and joylessness - the latter being viewed as being a refusal to enjoy the goodness of God and the world He created. Originally, its place was fulfilled by two other aspects, Acedia and Sadness. The former described a spiritual apathy that affected the faithful by discouraging them from their religious work. Sadness (tristitia in Latin) described a feeling of dissatisfaction or discontent, which caused unhappiness with ones current situation. When St. Thomas Aquinas selected Acedia for his list, he described it as an uneasiness of the mind, being a progenitor for lesser sins such as restlessness and instability. Dante refined this definition further, describing Sloth as being the failure to love God with all ones heart, all ones mind and all ones soul. He also described it as the middle sin, and as such was the only sin characterised by an absence or insufficiency of love. In his Purgatorio, the slothful penitents were made to run continuously at top speed. The modern view of the vice, as highlighted by its contrary virtue zeal/diligence, is that it represents the failure to utilize ones talents and gifts. For example, a student who does not work beyond what is required (and thus fails to achieve his or her full potential) would be slothful. Current interpretations are therefore much less stringent and comprehensive than they were in medieval times, and portray Sloth as being more simply a sin of laziness, of an unwillingness to act, an unwillingness to care (rather than a failure to love God and His works). For this reason Sloth is now often seen as being considerably less serious than the other sins. == Wrath (Latin: ira) Synonyms: Wrath (anger, hatred, prejudice, discrimination) Wrath may be described as inordinate and uncontrolled feelings of hatred and anger. These feelings can manifest as vehement denial of the truth, both to others and in the form of self-denial, impatience with the procedure of law, and the desire to seek revenge outside of the workings of the justice system (such as engaging in vigilantism), fanatical political beliefs, and generally wishing to do evil or harm to others. The transgressions borne of Wrath are among the most serious, including murder, assault, and in extreme cases, genocide. (See Crimes against humanity. ) Wrath is the only sin not necessarily associated with selfishness or self interest (although one can of course be wrathful for selfish reasons, such as jealousy). Dante described Wrath as love of justice perverted to revenge and spite. The wrathful in his Purgatorio were enveloped in blinding smoke. == Envy (Latin: invidia) Synonyms: Envy (jealousy, malice) Like Greed, Envy is characterized by an insatiable desire; they differ, however, for two main reasons: First, Greed is largely associated with material goods, whereas Envy may apply more generally. Second, those who commit the sin of Envy desire something that someone else has which they perceive themselves as lacking. Dante defined this as love of ones own good perverted to a desire to deprive other men of theirs. In Dantes Purgatory, the punishment for the envious is to have their eyes sewn shut with wire, because they have gained sinful pleasure from seeing others brought lowly. = Pride (Latin: superbia) Synonyms: Pride (vanity, narcissism), Hubris In almost every list Pride is considered the original and most serious of The Seven Deadly Sins, and indeed the ultimate source from which the others arise. It is identified as a desire to be more important or attractive than others, failing to give compliments to others though they may be deserving of them, and excessive love of self (especially holding self out of proper position toward God). Dantes definition was love of self perverted to hatred and contempt for ones neighbor. In Jacob Bidermanns medieval miracle play, Cenodoxus, Pride is the deadliest of all the sins and leads directly to the damnation of the famed Doctor of Paris, Cenodoxus. In perhaps the most famous example, the story of Lucifer, Pride was what caused his Fall from Heaven, and his resultant transformation into Satan. Vanity and Narcissism are prime examples of this Sin. In the Divine Comedy, the penitent were forced to walk with stone slabs bearing down on their backs in order to induce feelings of humility. Dante Alighieri (1265 1321) was a Catholic layman who wrote The Divine Comedy, which is really three epic poems in Italian: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso, which are about Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven/Paradise, respectively. In Purgatorio, Dante places each of the seven sins on a level, with the higher levels closer to Paradise and the lower ones closer to Hell. The numbers in parentheses, in the above table, indicate the level where they are found in Purgatorio. Dante considers these sins as offenses against love, and groups them accordingly: PERVERTED Love:(1) Pride (2) Envy (3) Wrath/Anger INSUFFICIENT Love:(4) Sloth EXCESSIVE Love of EARTHLY GOODS:(5) Avarice/Greed (6) Gluttony (7) Lust Dante seems to have had a well-formed conscience. His emphasis on love, in the sense of Christian charity, is impressive. That is not to claim some sort of sainthood, but his ideas were very much in keeping with the teaching of the Catholic Church at a time when the practice of the clergy often fell short of the doctrine. The Divine Comedy Dante Alighieris The Divine Comedy is composed of three canticas (or cantiche) - Inferno (Hell), Purgatorio (Purgatory), and Paradiso (Paradise) - composed each of 33 cantos (or canti). The very first canto serves as an introduction to the poem and is generally not considered to be part of the first cantica, bringing the total number of cantos to 100. The first cantica, Inferno, is by far the most famous of the three, and is often published separately under the title Dantes Inferno. As a part of the whole literary work, the first canto serves as an introduction to the entire Divine Comedy, making each of the cantiche 33 canti long. The number 3 is prominent in the work, represented here by the length of each cantica. The verse scheme used, terza rima, is the hendecasyllable (line of eleven syllables), with the lines composing tercets according to the rhyme scheme ABA BCB CDC . . . YZY Z. The poet tells in the first person his travel through the three realms of the dead, lasting during the Easter Triduum in the spring of 1300. His guide through Hell and Purgatory is the Latin poet Virgil, author of the Aeneid and the Fourth Eclogue, and the guide through Paradise is Beatrice, Dantes ideal of a perfect woman. Beatrice was a real Florentine woman whom he met in childhood and admired from afar in the mode of the then-fashionable courtly love tradition which is highlighted in Dantes earlier work La Vita Nuova. The Satanic Bible In the Satanic Bible (Anton Szandor Lavey), it is addressed that these seven sins are all Satanic in nature, as they all lead to mental, emotional and physical gratification. The Seven Holy Virtues The Seven Virtues were derived from the Psychomachia (Contest of the Soul), an epic poem written by Aurelius Clemens Prudentius (c. 10) entailing the battle of good virtues and evil vices. The intense popularity of this work in the Middle Ages helped to spread the concept of Holy Virtue throughout Europe. Practicing these virtues is alleged to protect one against temptation from the Seven Deadly Sins, with each one having its counterpart. Due to this they are sometimes referred to as the contrary virtues. There are two distinct variations of the virtues, recognized by different groups. The Virtues Ranked in ascending order of sanctity, the seven holy virtues are: . Chastity (Latin: castitas) (purity, opposes lust, Latin: luxuria) - Courage and boldness. Embracing of moral wholesomeness and achieving purity of thought through education and betterment; . Abstinence (Latin: frenum) (self-control, opposes gluttony, Latin: gula) - Constant mindfulness of others and ones surroundings; practicing self-control, abstention, and moderation. . Liberality (Latin: liberalitas) (will, generosity, opposes greed, Latin: avaritia) - Generosity. Willingness to give. A nobility of thought or actions. . Diligence (Latin: industria) (ethics, opposes sloth, Latin: acedia) - A zealous and careful nature in ones actions and work. Decisive work ethic. Budgeting ones time; monitoring ones own activities to guard against laziness. . Patience (Latin: patientia) (peace, opposes wrath, Latin: ira) - Forbearance and endurance through moderation. Resolving conflicts peacefully, as opposed to resorting to violence. The ability to forgive; to show mercy to sinners. . Kindness (Latin: humanitas) (satisfaction, opposes envy, Latin: invidia) - Charity, compassion, friendship, and sympathy without prejudice and for its own sake. . Humility (Latin: humilitas) (modesty, opposes pride, Latin: superbia) - Modest behavior, selflessness, and the giving of respect. Giving credit where credit is due; not unfairly glorifying ones own self. Theology Restraint is the keystone of the seven holy virtues. The other holy virtues are created through selfless pursuits: . Valour - Pursuit of Courage and Knowledge . Generosity - Pursuit of Giving . Liberality - Pursuit of Will . Diligence - Pursuit of Ethics . Patience - Pursuit of Peace . Kindness - Pursuit of Charity . Humility - Pursuit of Modesty Roman Catholic Virtues The Roman Catholic church recognized the seven capital virtues as opposites to the Seven Capital Sins or the Seven Deadly Sins. According to Dantes The Divine Comedy the sins have an order of greatness, and the virtues a respective order of greatness as well. This order is shown below from the lowest to the highest. SinVirtue Lust(excessive sexual appetites)Chastity(purity) Gluttony(over-indulgence)Temperance(self-restraint) Greed(avarice)Charity(giving) Sloth(laziness/idleness)Diligence(zeal/integrity/Labour) Wrath(anger)Forgiveness(composure) Envy(jealousy)Kindness(admiration) Pride(vanity)Humility(humbleness) Cardinal and Theological Virtues Another list of the Seven Virtues consists of a combination of the four Cardinal Virtues and the three Theological Virtues: . Prudence, Justice (this is an eighth virtue), Temperance, and Fortitude . Faith, Hope, and Love (charity) This formulation shows clearly the combination of Greek virtues (the Cardinal Virtues, found in Plato, for example) with Christian virtues (found in 1 Corinthians 13). These virtues do not line up so nicely as opposites to the Seven Deadly Sins, but are commonly referenced as the Seven Virtues. This allowed non-Christians to base their behaviour on moral tenets other than those prescribed by Christians. In medieval ideology, only a Christian would have faith in God, look forward to a life after death and caritas, be able to carry out acts of charity towards fellow men based solely on love of God. The Eighth Virtue The Eight virtues are sometimes known as the Apostle Virtues, and is used in the anime/manga Chrono Crusade (Chrno Crusade). . Justice (Latin: Justicia) (honesty righteousness, opposes wrongness or dishonesty, (No Latin)) - Honesty, and the giving of righteousness. Being fair or telling the truth. Doing what is right and not what is wrong. It is the light of truth that conquers the dark of the wrong. Justness, equity, evenhandedness, impartiality, objectivity, neutrality, disinterestedness, morals, morality. . Justice - Pursuit of Righteousness and Honesty Bibliography Boyle, Marjorie ORourke [1997-10-23]. Loyolas Acts: The Rhetoric of the Self (The New Historicism: Studies in Cultural Poetics, 36). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20937-4. http://ark. cdlib. org/ark:/13030/ft2t1nb1rw/

How Your Body Language Can Get You (Or Lose You) That Job

How Your Body Language Can Get You (Or Lose You) That Job Body language is important- it’s really no exaggeration to say that it can make or break you in the job interview situation. Your nonverbal communication in these situations is almost as important as what you say. Study up and learn these tips for how (and how not)Â  to use your body language to help, rather than hurt you on the job hunt.Body Language Don’tsAvoid Eye ContactKeep consistent, but non-creepy, eye contact with whomever you are speaking with. Avoid the temptation to look over their outfits, or to scan the offices behind them, or the photos on their desk. Focus on the conversation. Save the rest of the sneak peeks for later.SlouchSit up straight in your best power pose to avoid looking as defeated or deflated or exhausted as you feel. If you’re feeling perky and upbeat, you should definitely not need to slouch in the first place! Just be careful what your body is doing.Zone OutEveryone spaces out from time to time. But doing so while someone else is t alking is extremely unprofessional and rude. Your spacing out might even include bodily cues you wouldn’t notice yourself doing- like twiddling your foot or slumping or having your eyes glaze over. Pay active attention and you’ll be fine.Lean AwayThis makes whomever you’re talking to assume you aren’t listening or aren’t really interested.Blink Too Much/Too LittleYou really can’t win with blinking. Try to find a happy and natural medium. Blink not too much, but not never!Cross Your Arms/LegsThis might make you feel more comfortable or at ease, but it can also make you look closed off to whatever the person you are talking to is saying/offering/talking about. Keep your body language open.Body Language DosSit RightDon’t slouch, but be careful also not to stand or sit up too straight, lest you seem rigid. Try to find a natural posture that works for you and doesn’t tip too far into either extreme.Lean InLeaning slightly towards yo ur interviewer can be a way of proving your engagement with the conversation and the ideas being presented. It makes you look eager, so don’t lean in too far or you might come across as desperate.Fold Your HandsNo idea what to do with your hands? Try keeping them folded in your lap, rather than crossing them. This also keeps you from fidgeting. Don’t forget to use them to gesture now and then when you’re speaking though. Not moving your arms at all can make you look robotic and weird.Nod PeriodicallyDon’t just sit and stare without moving when your interviewer is speaking. Try nodding along with what they’re saying- again, not too much, or you’ll look like a bobble head.Make a Strong ExitHow you exit the interview is just as critical as how you showed up. Stand up, gather your things, give a killer handshake, make solid eye contact and explain what a pleasure it was speaking with them and reiterate how keen you are to speak further about the opportunity. Then stride out like you own the place!